ASTM A500 Grade D

ASTM A500 Grade D

The pipes are engineered to be large in diameter. ASTM A500 Grade D hollow sections are utilized in the assembly of frames and other components. Pipes can be seamless, ERW, welded, Fabricated, or LSAW.

They are available in round, square, rectangular, and hydraulic shapes. ASTM A500 Grade D Tubing is available in a variety of pipe ends and lengths. Lengths range from single random to double random to custom cut to length. Pipe ends are available in plain, beveled, and threaded configurations.

The wall thickness of the ASTM A500 Grade D Carbon Steel Square Hollow Section and others may be up to 0.62inches. The many schedules ranging from sch20 to XXS and additional schedules in the intermediate are explained by the differing diameters and wall thicknesses.

PRODUCT FEATURES

ASTM A500 Grade D Pipe Specification

Standard	ASTM A500 – Cold Formed Square Hollow Sections Pipes
Grade	ASTM A500 Grade D
Wall Thickness	0.5mm – 25mm
Length	6000-14000 mm
Type	Seamless/ Welded / ERW / EFW
Dimensional Tolerances	Thickness: (All sizes +/- 10%)
Surface Protection	Black (Self Colored uncoated), Varnish/Oil Coating, Pre-Galvanized, Hot Dip Galvanized

Typical Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter
Specified Outside Large Flat Dimension, in. [mm]	Permissible Variations Over and Under Specified Outside Flat Dimensions, * in. [mm]
2.500 [65] or under	0.020 [0.5]
Over 2.500 to 3.500 [65 to 90], incl.	0.025 [0.6]
Over 3.500 to 5.500 [90 to 140], incl.	0.030 [0.8]
Over 5.500 [140]	0.01 times large flat dimension

Mechanical Properties of ASTM A500 Grade D

Round Structural Tubing
Grade	Grade D
Tensile strength, mn, ps (MPa)	58 000 (400)
Yield strength, mn, psi (MPa)	36 000 (250)
Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, %A	23C

Shaped Structural Tubing
Steel Grade	Grade D
Tensile strength, mn, ps (MPa)	58 000 (400)
Yield strength, mn, psi (MPa)	36 000 (250)
Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, %A	23C
*Applies to specified wall thicknesses (t) equal to or greater than 0.120″. For lighter specified wall thicknesses, the minimum elongation values shall be calculated by the formula: % elongation in 2″ = 56t+17.5, rounded to the nearest percent.
** Applies to specified wall thicknesses (t) equal to or greater than 0.180″. For lighter specified wall thicknesses, the minimum elongation values shall be calculated by the formula: % elongation in 2″ = 61t+12, rounded to the nearest percent.
*** Applies to specified wall thicknesses (t) equal to or greater than 0.120″. For lighter specified wall thicknesses, the minimum elongation values shall be by agreement with the manufacturer.

Chemical Properties of ASTM A500 Grade D

Typical Chemical Properties
Chemistry (%)	ASTM A500
	Grade D
	Heat Analysis	Product Analysis
Carbon*	0.26 Max	0.30 Max
Manganese*	1.35 Max	1.40 Max
Phosphorus	0.035 Max	.045 Max
Sulphur	0.035 Max	.045 Max
Copper**	0.20 Min	0.18 Min
*For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum for carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum for manganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50% by heat analysis and 1.60% by product analysis
**If copper containing steel is specified in the purchase order

Permissible Variations in Dimensions of ASTM A500 Grade D

-Outside Dimensions of ASTM A500 Grade D Pipes

ASTM A500 Grade D Round Structural Tubing

The outside diameter shall not deviate more than 60.5 percent, rounded to the nearest 0.005 in. [0.1 mm], from the specified outside diameter for specified outside diameters of 1.900 in. [48 mm] and less, and 60.75 percent, rounded to the nearest 0.005 in. [0.1 mm], for specified outside diameters of 2.00in. [5 cm]. Outside diameter measurements must be made at a distance of at least two inches [five centimeters] from the tube ends.

ASTM A500 Grade D Square and Rectangular Structural Tubing

Outside dimensions, as measured across the flats at least 2in. [5cm] from the tube ends, shall not differ by more than the tolerance for convexity or concavity.

- Wall Thickness of ASTM A500 Grade D Pipes

At any point of measurement, the minimum wall thickness of the ASTM A500 Grade D tube shall not be less than 10% of the specified wall thickness. The maximum wall thickness of welded tubing shall not exceed 10% of the required wall thickness, excluding the weld seam.

Square and rectangular tube wall thickness specifications must be applied entirely to the flats’ centers.

-Length of ASTM A500 Grade D Pipes

Structural tubing is frequently made in random lengths of more than 5ft [1.5m], multiple lengths, and specialty lengths. Consult Section 4. When ordering certain lengths, compliance with the length tolerance is required.

-Straightness of ASTM A500 Grade D Pipes

For ASTM A500 Grade D structural tubes, the permissible variation must be 1/8in. times the number of feet [10 mm times the number of meters] divided by 5.

-Squareness of Sides of ASTM A500 Grade D Pipes

The adjacent sides of ASTM A500 Grade D square and rectangular structural tubes must be square (90°), with a maximum deviation of 62° permitted.

-Radius of Corners of ASTM A500 Grade D Pipes

Each outer corner radius of a square or rectangular structural tubing segment should not exceed three times the wall thickness necessary.

-Twist of ASTM A500 Grade D Pipes

Allowable twist variations in ASTM A500 Grade D square and rectangular structural tubing shall be as specified in the standard. Twist shall be determined by clamping one end of the tubing to a flat surface plate, measuring the height of each corner on the bottom side of the tubing above the surface plate near the opposite ends of the tubing, and calculating the twist (the difference in the heights of such corners), with the exception that for heavier sections, a suitable measuring device may be used to determine twist. Twist measurements must not be taken within two inches [five centimeters] of the tubing’s ends.

TUSPIPE ASTM A500 Grade D Marking

The following information must be legibly inscribed on each length of ASTM A500 GradeD structural tubing: manufacturer’s name, brand, or trademark; specification designation (year of issuance is not necessary); and grade letter.
The information given in (1) may be marked on a tag firmly connected to each bundle for ASTM A500 GradeD structural tubing with a specified outer diameter or big flat dimension of 4 in. [10 cm] or less.
Bar Coding—In addition to the standards in (1) and (2), the manufacturer must be able to use bar coding as an additional way of identification. When a purchase order specifies a certain bar-coding system, that system must be used.

NOTE—In the absence of a purchase order specifying a different bar-coding method, it is suggested that bar coding adhere to AIAG Standard B-1.